Calvinism 的詞源

1560年代，“約翰 Calvin”（1509-1564），法國新教改革家和神學家的宗教教義和神學。帶有 -ism。1566年使用了 Calvinian 的替代形式。後來廣泛擴展到他沒有持有的立場。至少自1853年以來，與嚴格的道德準則和預定論的普遍聯繫得到證實。相關： Calvinist； Calvinistic。

The peculiar characteristics of his system, as derived from his "Institutes," are his doctrines of original sin, namely, that we derive from Adam "not only the punishment, but also the pollution to which the punishment is justly due"; of freedom of the will, namely, that man "in his present state is despoiled of freedom of will and subject to a miserable slavery"; of grace, or that "the Lord both begins and completes the good work in us," and gives us "both will and power"; of predestination, or "the eternal decree of God, by which he has determined in himself what he would have become of every individual of mankind"; and of perseverance, or the doctrine that all the elect will certainly be saved. [Century Dictionary]

他的系統的特殊特點，源自他的“學說”，是他關於原罪的教義，即我們從亞當那裏“不僅受到懲罰，而且還受到應得的污染”； 關於意志自由的教義，即人“在他現在的狀態下被剝奪了意志自由，處於痛苦的奴役狀態”； 關於恩典的教義，或者說“主在我們身上開始並完成了善工”，並給了我們“意志和力量”； 關於預定論的教義，或者說“上帝的永恆旨意，他在自己內部決定了每個人的命運”； 以及關於堅忍不拔的教義，即所有的選民都一定會得救。[世紀詞典]