degeneration 的詞源
degeneration(n.)
大約1600年,“種族或種類固有品質的喪失或損害”,也比喻爲“降至劣等狀態”,源自法語 dégéneration(15世紀)或直接源自拉丁語 degenerationem(主格 degeneratio),是拉丁語 degenerare 的動名詞,意爲“不如祖先,變得與種族或種類不同,從祖先的品質中跌落”,既用於身體的品質,也用於道德的品質,來自 de genere 短語,由 de “從……向下,遠離”(見 de-)和 genus(屬格 generis)“出生,血統”(源自 PIE 詞根 *gene- “生育,產生”)組成。
[Degeneration] means literally an unkinding, the undoing of a kind, and in this sense was first used to express the change of kind without regard to whether the change was to perfect or to degrade; but it is now used exclusively to denote a change from a higher to a lower kind, that is to say, from a more complex to a less complex organisation; it is a process of dissolution, the opposite of that process of involution which is pre-essential to evolution. [Henry Maudsley, "Body and Will," 1884]
【退化】字面意思是 unkinding,即一種 kind 的消失,最初用於表達種類的變化,而不考慮變化是完美還是墮落; 但現在它專門用於表示從更高級別到更低級別的變化,也就是從更復雜的組織到更簡單的組織的變化; 它是 dissolution 的過程,是進化前必不可少的 involution 過程的相反。【亨利·莫德斯利,《身體與意志》,1884年】
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degeneration 的趨勢
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degeneration 附近的字典條目