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gazetteer 的詞源

gazetteer(n.)

1610年代,“新聞記者”,來自 gazette(n.)+ -eer。意思是“地理詞典”,來源於1704年,出自勞倫斯·伊查德(Laurence Eachard)爲新聞記者編寫的1693年地理手冊《The Gazetteer's, or Newsman's, Interpreter》,第二版簡稱《The Gazetteer》。

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"報紙",約1600年,源自法語 gazette(16世紀),來自意大利 gazzetta,威尼斯方言 gazeta "報紙",也是一種小銅幣的名稱,字面意思是"小喜鵲",來自 gazza; 應用於威尼斯政府出版的月刊報紙(gazeta de la novità),可能是因爲其價格或與鳥(典型的虛假閒聊)的關聯,或兩者兼而有之。1665年首次用於牛津發行的報紙,當時法庭因瘟疫而逃往那裏。

這種硬幣可能因其標記而被稱爲這個名字; Gamillscheg 寫道這個詞源自法語 gai(見 jay)。這個詞的起源的一般故事被廣泛接受,但細節上有許多變化:

We are indebted to the Italians for the idea of newspapers. The title of their gazettas was, perhaps, derived from gazzera, a magpie or chatterer; or, more probably, from a farthing coin, peculiar to the city of Venice, called gazetta, which was the common price of the newspapers. Another etymologist is for deriving it from the Latin gaza, which would colloquially lengthen into gazetta, and signify a little treasury of news. The Spanish derive it from the Latin gaza, and likewise their gazatero, and our gazetteer, for a writer of the gazette and, what is peculiar to themselves, gazetista, for a lover of the gazette. [Isaac Disraeli, "Curiosities of Literature," 1835]
我們要感謝意大利人提出了報紙的想法。他們的 gazettas 的標題,也許是源自 gazzera,一種喜鵲或喋喋不休的鳥; 或者更可能是源自威尼斯市特有的一種四分之一便士硬幣,稱爲 gazetta,這是報紙的普通價格。另一位詞源學家認爲它源自拉丁語 gaza,口語中會變成 gazetta,意思是新聞的小寶庫。西班牙人將其源自拉丁語 gaza,同樣是他們的 gazatero,以及我們的 gazetteer,指的是 gazette 的作者,而他們獨有的 gazetista,指的是熱愛報紙的人。[艾薩克·迪斯雷利,《文學奇聞》(Curiosities of Literature),1835年]
Gazzetta It., Sp. gazeta, Fr. E. gazette; prop. the name of a Venetian coin (from gaza), so in Old English. Others derive gazette from gazza a magpie, which, it is alleged, was the emblem figured on the paper; but it does not appear on any of the oldest Venetian specimens preserved at Florence. The first newspapers appeared at Venice about the middle of the 16th century during the war with Soliman II, in the form of a written sheet, for the privilege of reading which a gazzetta (= a crazia) was paid. Hence the name was transferred to the news-sheet. [T.C. Donkin, "Etymological Dictionary of the Romance Languages" (based on Diez), 1864]
Gazzetta 意大利語、西班牙語 gazeta,法語 gazette; 原指威尼斯硬幣的名稱(來自 gaza),在古英語中也是如此。其他人將 gazette 源自 gazza,即意大利語中的喜鵲,據稱這是報紙上描繪的標誌; 但在佛羅倫薩保存的最古老的威尼斯樣本中沒有出現。第一份報紙於16世紀中期在威尼斯出現,當時與蘇萊曼二世的戰爭期間以書面形式出現,爲了閱讀它的特權,需要支付一枚 gazzetta(=一枚 crazia)。因此,這個名字被轉移到了新聞紙上。[T.C. Donkin,《羅曼語言詞源詞典》(基於 Diez),1864年]
GAZETTE. A paper of public intelligence and news of divers countries, first printed at Venice, about the year 1620, and so called (some say) because una gazetta, a small piece of Venetian coin, was given to buy or read it. Others derive the name from gazza, Italian for magpie, i.e. chatterer.—Trusler. A gazette was printed in France in 1631; and one in Germany in 1715. [Haydn's "Dictionary of Dates," 1857]
GAZETTE。一份公共情報和各國新聞的報紙,最初於1620年左右在威尼斯印刷,因爲(有人說)需要支付 una gazetta,即一枚威尼斯硬幣,才能購買或閱讀它。其他人將這個名字源自 gazza,即意大利語中的喜鵲,即 i.e. 喋喋不休的人。— Trusler。1631年法國出版了一份報紙; 1715年德國也出版了一份報紙。[海頓的《日期詞典》(Haydn's "Dictionary of Dates"),1857年]

名詞詞綴,表示“從事……的人”(操作、生產、交易等); 是法語 -ier 的英語形式,源自拉丁語 -arius-iarius,類似於 -ary。通常用於從法語借用的較新的英語單詞中; 較舊的單詞傾向於保留 -ier

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