jayhawker 的詞源
jayhawker(n.)
"自由掠奪者,游擊隊員",美國英語,1858年,最初指“在‘流血堪薩斯’麻煩期間的不規則或掠奪者”(尤其是來自北方的人)。它似乎只在內戰期間開始廣泛使用。據說有一種叫做這個名字的鳥,但缺乏證據。也許是從 jay(n.)中貶低使用。因此,回推動詞 jayhawk “騷擾”(1866年)。
Bushwhackers are men, united together, but not soldiers, who live in the bush; and whose avowed object is to kill every Union soldier they can, and cripple, so far as they can, the resources of the Federal military power. The jayhawkers are thieves. They plunder indiscriminately from all parties. In the same band are both rebel and Union men. ... Guerilla bands are companies enlisted and sworn into the rebel service; but not belonging to the armies. [Henry M. Painter, "Brief Narrative of Incidents in the War in Missouri," Boston, 1863.]
“叢林獵人是一羣聯合在一起但不是士兵的人,他們住在叢林中; 他們的公開目標是殺死他們能殺死的每一個聯邦士兵,並儘可能削弱聯邦軍事力量的資源。松雞是小偷。他們從所有派別中不加區分地掠奪。同一幫派中有叛軍和聯盟成員。...游擊隊是被招募並宣誓效忠於叛軍的公司; 但不屬於軍隊。”[亨利·M·佩恩特,“密蘇里戰爭中事件的簡要敘述”,波士頓,1863年。]
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jayhawker 的趨勢
根據books.google.com/ngrams/調整。Ngrams可能不可靠。
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