sirloin 的詞源
sirloin(n.)
15世紀早期,surloine,shurleyne,surloyne,一種牛肉切割,從16世紀特別指上腰部,來自法語surlonge,字面意思是「腰部的上部」,來自sur「在上,超過」(參見sur-)+ longe「腰部」,來自古法語loigne(參見loin)。
英語拼寫sir-始於1620年代。這一變化可能受到sir的影響;在16世紀至17世紀,surname常拼寫為sirname。沒有證據支持那種民間語源故事,即這種牛肉切割因其優越性被英國國王「封爵」,這個故事各種版本講述於亨利八世、詹姆士一世和查理二世。這個故事追溯至1655年(Fuller, "Church-History of Britain," 他在括號中寫道,它是「被這位亨利國王封爵的,傳統上如此」,指亨利八世)。
The word surloin or sirloin is often said to be derived from the fact that the loin was knighted as Sir Loin by Charles II, or (according to [early 19c. English dictionary writer Charles] Richardson) by James I. Chronology makes short work of this statement; the word being in use long before James I was born. It is one of those unscrupulous inventions with which English 'etymology' abounds, and which many people admire because they are 'so clever.' The number of those who literally prefer a story about a word to a more prosaic account of it, is only too large. [Walter W. Skeat, "An Etymological Dictionary of the English Language," 1882]
詞語surloin或sirloin通常被認為是因為腰部被查理二世封為Sir Loin,或(根據[19世紀初英語詞典編輯查爾斯]理查森)被詹姆士一世封爵。時間順序很快駁斥了這一說法;該詞在詹姆士一世出生前就已經在使用。這是那些英語「詞源學」中充滿的不道德的發明之一,許多人因為它們「如此聰明」而欣賞它們。字面上喜歡一個詞的故事而不是更平凡的解釋的人數量實在太多。[Walter W. Skeat, "An Etymological Dictionary of the English Language," 1882]
sirloin 的趨勢
根據books.google.com/ngrams/調整。Ngrams可能不可靠。
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