stonewall 的詞源
stonewall(n.)
也作 stone wall,中英语 ston-wal “由石头或砌体构成的墙或壁垒”,源自古英语 stanwalle;参见 stone (n.) + wall (n.)。作为南方联盟将军托马斯·杰克逊(1824-1863)的绰号,1861年在第一次布尔朗战役时授予, supposedly by Gen. Bernard Bee,敦促他的旅围绕杰克逊集结,因为杰克逊“像一堵石墙一样站立”。Bee在战斗中被杀;关于这个绰号的记载在战斗的四天内出现在南方报纸上。
On the face of it this account has no character of authenticity, and the words ascribed to Bee smack less of the battlefield than of the editorial sanctum. ... It seems inherently probable that something was said by somebody, during or immediately after the battle, that likened Jackson or his men or both to a stone wall. [R.M. Johnston, "Bull Run: Its Strategy and Tactics," Boston, 1913]
表面上看,这个说法没有真实性的特征,归 attributed to Bee 的话语听起来更像是编辑室的产物,而非战场的真实记录。……在战斗期间或战斗后不久,似乎确实有人说了某些将杰克逊或他的士兵或两者都比作石墙的话。[R.M. Johnston, "Bull Run: Its Strategy and Tactics," Boston, 1913]
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stonewall 的趨勢
根據books.google.com/ngrams/調整。Ngrams可能不可靠。
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