14世紀早期, " bealte ",也表示"良善,禮貌",源於盎格魯-法語" beute ",古法語" biauté ",意爲"美,誘惑,美麗的人"(12世紀,法語現代化爲 " beauté "),更早期表達爲 " beltet "。源自於" Vulgar Latin *" bellitatem "(名詞形式爲" bellitas "),意爲"引起感官愉悅的狀態"(同源於西班牙語 " beldad ",意大利語 " belta "),源於拉丁語" bellus ",意爲"漂亮的,英俊的,迷人的",在古典拉丁語中特指女性和兒童,或用於諷刺或侮辱男性,可能源自原始印歐語中的“ *dw-en-elo- ”,是“ *deu- "(2)”根部的愛稱。正如欽定斯坦達爾所說的那樣,美麗是“ la promesse de bonheur ”。
[I]t takes the one hundred men in ten million who understand beauty, which isn't imitation or an improvement on the beautiful as already understood by the common herd, twenty or thirty years to convince the twenty thousand next most sensitive souls after their own that this new beauty is truly beautiful. [Stendhal, "Life of Henry Brulard"]
"(我認爲)理解美的一百個人中,只有一萬分之十的人理解,這種東西既不是模仿,也不是對羣衆已經理解的美的改善,而需要二十到三十年的時間來說服其它靈敏的人羣。 "(斯坦達爾,亨利布魯拉德傳)
在英語中取代了古英語 " wlite "。英語中的具體含義“漂亮的女人”可追溯至14世紀後期。 " Beauty-sleep "(晚上十二點前睡覺)的提法可追溯至1850年。而 " Beauty-spot "(在臉上某處的黑色斑點,以增強美感)可追溯至1650年代。 " Beauty-contest "始於1885年。而 " beauty-queen "是從1922年開始使用的(以前是牛和豬的秀名)。" Beauté du diable "(字面上意爲“魔鬼的美”),自1825年起成爲英語中的法語常用短語。
But as it is hardly possible to define all the properties which constitute beauty, we may observe in general, that beauty consists in whatever pleases the eye of the beholder, whether in the human body, in a tree, in a landscape or in any other object. [from definition of BEAUTY in Noah Webster's "Dictionary of the English Language," 1828]
“但由於不可能定義構成美的所有特徵,因此我們可以總體觀察,在人體,樹木,風景或任何其他物體中,只要是讓觀察者的眼睛感到愉悅的,那便是美。” (諾亞·韋伯斯特的“英語語言詞典”定義中,1828年)
That pleasure which is at once the most intense, the most elevating, and the most pure is, I believe, found in the contemplation of the beautiful. When, indeed, men speak of Beauty, they mean, precisely, not a quality, as is supposed, but an effect—they refer, in short, just to that intense and pure elevation of soul—not of intellect, or of heart—upon which I have commented, and which is experienced in consequence of contemplating the “beautiful.” [Poe, "The Philosophy of Composition," 1846]
“我相信,那種最強烈、最高尚、最純淨的愉悅來自於美的沉思中。實際上,當人們談到美時,他們指的正是不是一種被認爲是品質的東西,而是一種效果——簡而言之,他們指的就是我已經評論過的那種靈魂的強烈而純粹的昇華——不是頭腦或心靈的昇華——而是由於沉思“美”而產生的感覺。” (愛倫·坡,“作曲的哲學”,1846年)