約於1300年,“虛假,虛構的敘述; 謊言,假裝”,來自古法語 fable “故事,寓言,故事; 戲劇,戲劇,小說; 謊言,虛假”(12世紀),源自拉丁語 fabula “故事,帶有教訓的故事,故事,敘述,帳戶; 常見的談話,新聞”,字面意思是“被告知的東西”,來自 fari “說話,講述”,源自 PIE 詞根 *bha-(2)“說話,講述,說話”。
“動物故事”的狹義意義(14世紀早期)來自伊索寓言的流行。在現代民間傳說術語中,被定義爲“通過以人類方式行事的動物角色講述有關人類本性的短小幽默故事”[“牛津英語民俗詞典”]。
The fable which is naturally and truly composed, so as to satisfy the imagination, ere it addresses the understanding, beautiful though strange as a wild-flower, is to the wise man an apothegm, and admits of his most generous interpretation. When we read that Bacchus made the Tyrrhenian mariners mad, so that they leapt into the sea, mistaking it for a meadow full of flowers, and so became dolphins, we are not concerned about the historical truth of this, but rather a higher poetical truth. We seem to hear the music of a thought, and care not If the understanding be not gratified. [Thoreau, "A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers"]
自然而真實地構成的寓言,以滿足想象力爲先,然後纔是理解力,像野花一樣美麗而奇怪,對於智者來說是格言,並且容許他最慷慨的解釋。當我們讀到酒神使得提利昂的水手發瘋,以至於他們跳進海里,誤以爲是一片充滿花朵的草地,從而變成海豚,我們並不關心這個歷史真相,而是更高的詩意真相。我們似乎聽到了一種思想的音樂,不在乎理解是否得到滿足。[梭羅,“康科德和梅里馬克河上的一週”]