maneuver 的詞源
maneuver(n.)
"計劃中的軍隊或戰艦的移動",1757年,源自法語 manoeuvre "操縱,策略",源自古法語 manovre "體力勞動"(13世紀),源自中世紀拉丁語 manuopera(西班牙語 maniobra 、意大利語 manovra 的來源),源自 manuoperare "用手工作",源自拉丁語 manu operari,源自 manu, manus 的與格形式,意爲"手"(源自 PIE 詞根 *man-(2)"手")+ operari "工作,操作"(源自 PIE 詞根 *op- "工作,大量生產")。
同樣的詞在中古英語中從法語借入,意爲"體力勞動"(15世紀末; 參見 manure)。一般意義上的"巧妙計劃,獨創方案",以及"敏捷或熟練的動作"(由人或動物執行)始於1774年。相關詞彙: Maneuvers。
Coup de main, and Manoeuvre, might be excusable in Marshal Saxe, as he was in the service of France, and perfectly acquainted with both; but we cannot see what apology can be made for our officers lugging them in by head and shoulders, without the least necessity, as a sudden stroke might have done for one, and a proper motion, for the other. Reconnoitre is another favourite word in the military way; and as we cannot find out that it is much more significant than take a view, we beg leave it may be sent home again. ["The humble remonstrance of the mob of Great Britain, against the importation of French words, &c.," in Annual Register for the Year 1758]
Coup de main 和 Manoeuvre 在薩克斯元帥身上或許可以原諒,因爲他在法國服役,對兩者都非常熟悉; 但我們無法理解我們的軍官們爲什麼毫無必要地硬生生地引入它們,一個突然的打擊可能已經解決了一個問題,一個適當的動作可能已經解決了另一個問題。Reconnoitre 是軍事術語中的另一個喜愛詞彙; 由於我們無法發現它比 take a view 更具有意義,我們請求它被送回原處。["大不列顛民衆對法語詞彙進口等的謙卑抗議",收錄於1758年年鑑]
maneuver 的趨勢
根據books.google.com/ngrams/調整。Ngrams可能不可靠。
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