mascot 的詞源
mascot(n.)
"護身符,魔力物品,被認爲能給持有者帶來好運的東西",也指"被認爲能帶來好運的人",1881年,源自法國省級法語 mascotte "巫師的護身符,'仙女朋友',幸運物"(19世紀),起源不明,可能源自或與普羅旺斯語 mascoto "巫術,偶像崇拜"(1233年的納博訥手稿中有 mascotto "拉皮條女,賭博中的迷惑,魔法"),源自 masco "女巫",源自古普羅旺斯語 masca,本身起源不明,可能源自中世紀拉丁語 masca "面具,幽靈,噩夢"(參見 mask(n.))。
由法國作曲家埃德蒙·奧德朗(Edmond Audran)的1880年喜劇歌劇 "La Mascotte," 推廣,講述了一個家庭"仙女"如何給一個意大利農民帶來好運,從1881年秋季開始在英國上演了一部簡化版的翻譯。關於代表體育隊的動物(後來是化裝的角色),最早出現在1889年。
For the edification of readers not versed in baseball lore it should be stated that the mascot has become quite an important institution among the professional teams of America. He may be a boy possessed of some special attainment or physical peculiarity, or he may be a bull-pup with a prominent patch over his left eye. It matters not whether a mascot be brute or human, so long as his presence upon the players' bench insures a victory—in the minds of the players—to the team with which he has cast his fortunes and in whose favor he exercises the influence he is supposed to have with Dame Fortune. [Harry Clay Palmer, ed., "Athletic Sports in America, England, and Australia," New York, 1889]
爲了讓不熟悉棒球知識的讀者受益,應該說明一下,吉祥物已經成爲美國職業團隊中相當重要的機構。他可以是一個具有某些特殊才能或身體特徵的男孩,也可以是一隻左眼上有明顯斑點的小狗。無論吉祥物是野獸還是人類,只要他在球員的長凳上出現,就能在球員心中確保他所投身的球隊獲勝,並在他所擁有的影響力中對女運神施加影響。[哈里·克萊·帕爾默(Harry Clay Palmer)編輯,《美國、英國和澳大利亞的體育運動》,紐約,1889年]
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mascot 的趨勢
根據books.google.com/ngrams/調整。Ngrams可能不可靠。
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