"比喻是一種修辭手法,通過將一個物體的特徵賦予另一個與之相似或類似的物體; 通過轉移描述性詞語或短語進行比較,15世紀末出現, methaphoris(複數形式),源自法語 metaphore(古法語 metafore,13世紀)並直接源自拉丁語 metaphora,源自希臘語 metaphora “轉移”,尤指將一個詞的意義轉移到另一個詞上,字面意思是“攜帶過去”,源自 metapherein “轉移,攜帶; 改變,修改; 以奇怪的意義使用一個詞”,源自 meta “在...之上,在...之間”(參見 meta-)+ pherein “攜帶,承載”(源自 PIE 詞根 *bher-(1)“攜帶”,也指“生育子女”)。
But a metaphor is no argument, though it be sometimes the gunpowder to drive one home and imbed it in the memory. [James Russell Lowell, "Democracy," 1884]
It is a great thing, indeed, to make a proper use of the poetical forms, as also of compounds and strange words. But the greatest thing by far is to be a master of metaphor. It is the one thing that cannot be learnt from others; and it is also a sign of genius, since a good metaphor implies an intuitive perception of the similarity in dissimilars. [Aristotle, "Poetics," 1459a 3-8]