outpost 的詞源

"station when on duty, a fixed position or place," was first recorded in 1590s. The term originates from the French word poste , meaning "place where one is stationed," also, "station for post horses" (16c.). The French word was derived from Italian posto , meaning "post, station," which ultimately comes from Vulgar Latin *postum and Latin positum , neuter past participle of ponere "to place, to put" (see position (n.)). The earliest meaning of this term in English language pertains to military. The meaning "job, position, position" is attested by 1690s. The military meaning "fort, permanent quarters for troops" is by 1703.

在古英語中，與名詞、形容詞、副詞和動詞常見前綴，“外部的，向外的，向前的，遠離的”，來自 out（副詞）。在中古英語中，使用更加普遍，並且包括“外部的，外部的，在外部，從外部，外部地，表面之外； 分離； 非常，極其； 完全地，徹底地，完整地”的意義。out 的其他感官延伸到使用作爲前綴包括“超出表面或限制； 到極致； 到明確的決議”等。

In composition out has either its ordinary adverbial sense, as in outcast, outcome, outlook, etc., or a prepositional force, as in outdoors, or forms transitive verbs denoting a going beyond or surpassing of the object of the verb, in doing the act expressed by the word to which it is prefixed, as in outrun, outshine, outvenom, etc. In the last use especially out may be used with almost any noun or verb. [Century Dictionary]

在組合中， out 要麼具有其普通的副詞意義，如 outcast, outcome, outlook 等，要麼具有介詞的力量，如 outdoors，或者形成及物動詞，表示做實際動作時在該詞前綴所表達的對象上超越或超過，如 outrun, outshine, outvenom 等。在最後一種使用中，Out 幾乎可以與任何名詞或動詞一起使用。[世紀詞典]