poverty 的詞源
poverty(n.)
12世紀末, poverte,"貧困,貧窮,需要或物質上的不足",源自古法語 poverte, povrete "貧困,悲慘的狀況"(現代法語 pauvreté),源自拉丁語 paupertatem(主格 paupertas)"貧困",源自 pauper "貧窮"(參見 poor(形容詞))。
從13世紀初開始,指基督教行爲中的故意貧困。從14世紀中葉開始引申爲"缺乏,不足"; 指精神上的"謙卑",源自福音書中的"八福"。
Seeing so much poverty everywhere makes me think that God is not rich. He gives the appearance of it, but I suspect some financial difficulties. [Victor Hugo, "Les Misérables," 1862]
到處都看到這麼多貧困,讓我覺得上帝並不富有。他表面上看起來是這樣,但我懷疑他可能有一些經濟困難。[維克多·雨果, "Les Misérables," 1862]
Poverty line "維持生活必需的最低收入"可追溯到1891年; poverty trap "收入增加被國家福利減少的情況"來自1966年; poverty-stricken "陷入貧困狀態"可追溯到1778年。
Poverty is a strong word, stronger than being poor; want is still stronger, indicating that one has not even the necessaries of life ; indigence is often stronger than want, implying especially, also, the lack of those things to which one has been used and that befit one's station ; penury is poverty that is severe to abjectness ; destitution is the state of having absolutely nothing .... [Century Dictionary]
Poverty 是一個強烈的詞,比 being poor 更強烈; want 更強烈,意味着連生活必需品都沒有; indigence 通常比貧困更嚴重,尤其暗示了那些一個人習慣並適合自己身份的東西的缺乏; penury 是指貧困到極度悲慘的狀態; destitution 是指完全一無所有的狀態.... [世紀詞典]
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poverty 的趨勢
根據books.google.com/ngrams/調整。Ngrams可能不可靠。
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