razzmatazz 的詞源

到了1912年，美國英語中首次出現在棒球俚語中； 作爲一種音樂類型，最早見於1915年。可能最終源自俚語 jasm （1860年）的“活力，精力，精神”，也許特指女性。這可能源自早期的 gism，意思相同（1842年）。

By the end of the 1800s, "gism" meant not only "vitality" but also "virility," leading to the word being used as slang for "semen." But — and this is significant — although a similar evolution happened to the word "jazz," which became slang for the act of sex, that did not happen until 1918 at the earliest. That is, the sexual connotation was not part of the origin of the word, but something added later. [Lewis Porter, "Where Did 'Jazz,' the Word, Come From?" http://wbgo.org Feb. 26, 2018]

到19世紀末，“gism”不僅意味着“活力”，還意味着“男子氣概”，導致這個詞被用作“精液”的俚語。但是，這是重要的是，儘管類似的演變也發生在“爵士”這個詞上，它成爲了性行爲的俚語，但這至少要到1918年才發生。也就是說，性的涵義並不是這個詞的起源，而是後來添加的。[劉易斯·波特，“‘爵士’這個詞從哪裏來？” http://wbgo.org，2018年2月26日]

“廢話，不必要的談話或裝飾”的意思來自1918年。俚語 all that jazz “等等”首次記錄於1939年。波特對研究的進一步觀察如下：

"Jazz" seems to have originated among white Americans, and the earliest printed uses are in California baseball writing, where it means "lively, energetic." (The word still carries this meaning, as in "Let’s jazz this up!") The earliest known usage occurs on April 2, 1912, in an article discovered by researcher George A. Thompson, and sent to me courtesy of [Professor Gerald ] Cohen.

... By 1915, jazz was being applied to a new kind of music in Chicago.  It seems to have been first applied to Tom Brown's all-white band, which hailed from New Orleans. This was followed by many printed references to jazz as a musical style.

“爵士”似乎起源於白人美國人，最早的印刷用法出現在加利福尼亞的棒球寫作中，意思是“活潑，精力充沛”。（這個詞仍然保留這個意思，比如“讓我們來點爵士！”）最早的已知用法出現在1912年4月2日的一篇文章中，由研究員喬治·A·湯普森發現，並由[傑拉爾德]·科恩教授提供給我。

... 到了1915年，爵士開始被用來形容芝加哥的一種新音樂。它似乎首先被用來形容湯姆·布朗的全白樂隊，該樂隊來自新奧爾良。隨後出現了許多關於爵士作爲一種音樂風格的印刷引用。

  "一個詞，似乎是美國的創造，用來表達困惑或混亂的想法，快速的攪動和喧鬧，狂歡或醉酒等。同時，也指欺騙、欺詐； 誇張的宣傳" [OED]，1886年，美國英語俚語，是 dazzle（詳見）的變體重複。

My confrère, The Chevalier, last month gave a new name to the scarfs of disjointed pattern when he called them the razzle-dazzle. The name was evidently a hit of the most patent character, for in several avenue and Broadway stores the clerks have thrown out a display of broken figures before me and explained that the ruling style at present was the razzle-dazzle, and the word seems to have been equally effective with the public, for when it is quoted by the live salesman, the customer, I am told is at once interested and caught by it. [Clothier and Furnisher magazine, January 1889]

我的 confrère, The Chevalier，上個月給那些雜亂圖案的圍巾起了個新名字，叫做 razzle-dazzle。這個名字顯然是一個非常顯眼的命中，因爲在幾個大街和百老匯的商店裏，店員們在我面前擺出了一些破碎的圖案，並解釋說現在的流行款式是 razzle-dazzle。這個詞似乎對公衆也同樣有效，因爲當活躍的銷售員引用它時，我聽說顧客立刻產生了興趣並被吸引住了。[《服裝和傢俱雜誌》，1889年1月]

意思是"困惑的狀態"，來自1889年。