self-interest 的詞源
self-interest(n.)
"關注或追求個人利益,爲自己謀取利益",來自1640年代的 self- + interest(n.)。特別是指"自私,追求自我利益,排除對他人的關注"。相關詞彙: Self-interested,"以自我利益爲特徵"(1650年代); self-interestedness。
[Self-interest] is a doctrine not very lofty, but clear and sure. It does not seek to attain great objects; but it attains those it aims for without too much effort. ... [It] does not produce great devotion; but it suggests little sacrifices each day; by itself it cannot make a man virtuous; but it forms a multitude of citizens who are regulated, temperate, moderate, farsighted, masters of themselves; and if it does not lead directly to virtue through the will, it brings them near to it insensibly through habits. [Alexis de Tocqueville, "Democracy in America"]
[自利]是一種不太高尚但清晰而確定的信條。它不尋求實現偉大的目標; 但它可以在不費太多努力的情況下實現其目標。...[它]不會產生偉大的奉獻精神; 但它每天都會提出一些小小的犧牲; 它本身不能使一個人變得有德行; 但它形成了一大批自律、節制、適度、有遠見、自我掌控的公民; 如果它不能通過意志直接導致美德,那麼它通過習慣不知不覺地使他們接近美德。[亞歷克西斯·德·托克維爾,《論美國的民主》]
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self-interest 的趨勢
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