dogfish 的詞源
dogfish(n.)
中世紀15世紀,一種小鯊魚的名稱,dogge fysch,來自dog (n.) + fish (n.)。據說是因為它們成群捕獵。野狗在古典時期也是鯊魚的形象,希臘語使用kyon「狗」來指代狗鯊和鯊魚,特別是較小的種類。
But in the Mediterranean, among the Greeks and Romans of antiquity, closer contact with sharks had left an impression of vicious dogs of the sea. Thus, Pliny's canis marinus. The metaphor of the dog spread to the North to dominate the European image of the shark, from the Italian pescecane and French chien de mer to the German Meerhund and Hundfisch and English sea dog and dogfish. [Tom Jones, "The Xoc, the Sharke and the Sea Dogs," in "Fifth Palenque Round Table, 1983," edited by Virginia M. Field, 1985.]
但在地中海,古希臘人和古羅馬人與鯊魚的更密切接觸,給人留下了海洋兇犬的印象。因此,普林尼稱之為canis marinus。狗的隱喻傳播到北方,主導了歐洲對鯊魚的形象,從意大利語pescecane和法語chien de mer到德語Meerhund和Hundfisch以及英語sea dog和dogfish。[Tom Jones, "The Xoc, the Sharke and the Sea Dogs," in "Fifth Palenque Round Table, 1983," edited by Virginia M. Field, 1985.]
希臘語galeos「狗鯊或鯊魚」可能基於galen「黃鼠狼,貂」,這也是一個魚的名稱。比較中古英語wolf (n.),用於大型兇猛魚類(14世紀晚期)。
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dogfish 的趨勢
根據books.google.com/ngrams/調整。Ngrams可能不可靠。
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