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insect 的詞源

insect(n.)

約1600年,來自拉丁語 (animal) insectum "(動物)身體有缺口或分裂的",字面意思是"切入",名詞用法為中性過去分詞 insectare "切入,切碎",來自 in- "進入"(來自原始印歐語根 *en "在")+ secare "切割"(來自原始印歐語根 *sek- "切割")。這個拉丁詞是普林尼對希臘語 entomon "昆蟲"(參見 entomology)的借譯,這是亞里士多德對這類生物的術語,因其"缺口"的身體。

1601年首次出現在英語中,為霍蘭德翻譯普林尼所用。在動物學中,指一類動物,1753年。亞里士多德術語的翻譯也形成了威爾士語中"昆蟲"的常用詞(trychfil,來自 trychu "切割" + mil "動物"),南斯拉夫語(zareznik,來自 rezati "切割"),俄語(nasekomoe,來自 sekat "切割")等。Insectarian "吃昆蟲的人"的證據可追溯至1893年。

在英語中曾嘗試過的形容詞形式(大多數因不使用而被拒絕)包括 insectile(1620年代),insectic(1767),insective(1834),insectual(1849),insectine(1853),insecty(1859),insectan(1888)。

It is curious that in the eyes of the Anglo-Saxon naturalists, the frog, the toad, the lizard or eft ( efte), and other reptiles, were usually placed under the head of insects ; and this odd classification was preserved to rather a late period. [Thomas Wright, "Anglo-Saxon and Old English Vocabularies," 1884]
有趣的是,在盎格魯撒克遜自然學家的眼中,青蛙、蟾蜍、蜥蜴或蝾螈(efte)及其他爬行動物,通常被歸類為昆蟲;這種奇怪的分類保留到了相當晚期。[托馬斯·賴特,《盎格魯撒克遜語和古英語詞彙》,1884年]

相關條目

“昆蟲學的分支”,1764年,源自於法語 entomologie(1764),由 -logie “研究”(見 -logy)和希臘語 entomon “昆蟲”組成,中性名詞 entomos 指“被切開的,切成碎片的,在此指在腰部有缺口或切口的昆蟲”,源自於 en “在……裏面”(見 en-(2))和 temnein “切割”(來自 PIE 詞根 *tem- “切割”)組成。

亞里士多德稱昆蟲是因爲它們身體被分節。可與 insect 比較,後者是希臘詞翻譯成拉丁詞彙的結果。相關詞彙: Entomological, entomologically。混合詞彙 insectology(1766,源自於法語 insectologie,1744年)不常用。

I have given the name insectology to that part of natural history which has insects for its object; that of entomology ... would undoubtedly have been more suitable ... but its barbarous sound terryfy'd me. [Charles Bonnet's English translation of his "Contemplation de la nature," 1766]
我將那些以昆蟲爲對象的自然歷史部分稱爲 insectology; 用 entomology......或許更合適,但其野蠻的發音讓我望而生畏。[Charles Bonnet 的英語翻譯 "Contemplation de la nature,",1766年]

"one who eats insects," by 1885 (implied in insectarianism), probably a jocular formation from insect + ending from vegetarian, etc. It was used in 1846 as "one who traces certain plant disorders to insects," and used rarely as an adjective from 1854, "being or resembling an insect."

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insect 的趨勢

根據books.google.com/ngrams/調整。Ngrams可能不可靠。

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翻譯由AI生成。查看原文,請訪問: Etymology, origin and meaning of insect

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