waive 的詞源
waive(v.)
約公元1300年,weiven,「剝奪法律保護;從某地或某條件中移除」,來自盎格魯法語weyver「放棄,放棄」(古法語guever「放棄,歸還」),可能源自類似古諾爾斯語veifa「搖擺」(來自原始日耳曼語*waif-,來自印歐語根*weip-「轉動,搖擺,狂喜地顫抖」)的斯堪的納維亞語源。在中古英語法律語言中,它被用於權利、財物或女性。
If the defendant be a woman, the proceeding is called a waiver; for as women were not sworn to the law by taking the oath of allegiance in the leet (as men anciently were when of the age of twelve years and upwards), they could not properly be outlawed, but were said to be waived, i.e., derelicta, left out, or not regarded. [from "Outlawry" in J.J.S. Wharton, "Law-Lexicon, or Dictionary of Jurisprudence," London, 1867]
如果被告是女性,則該程序稱為放棄;因為女性在法律上不需通過在地方法庭宣誓效忠來宣誓(如男性古時在十二歲及以上時所做),她們不能被正式宣告為逃犯,而是被稱為被放棄,即derelicta,被排除在外或不被重視。[摘自J.J.S. Wharton的《Law-Lexicon, or Dictionary of Jurisprudence》,倫敦,1867年]
在中古英語中也有「拒絕,拒絕,避開」的意思,並且到15世紀晚期特指法律上的「放棄,暫時不堅持或主張,暫時延遲」。因此,通常意為「不再堅持」(1620年代)。相關詞:Waived;waiving。
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waive 的趨勢
根據books.google.com/ngrams/調整。Ngrams可能不可靠。
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