banish 的詞源
banish(v.)
14世紀晚期,banischen,意為「通過公告或法令譴責某人離開國家,由政治或司法權威宣布為非法」,來自古法語banir的延伸詞幹banniss-,「宣布,宣告;徵收;禁止;放逐,宣布為非法」(12世紀,現代法語bannir),源自日耳曼語(可能是法蘭克語*bannjan「命令或禁止,違者處罰」),來自原始日耳曼語*bannan(參見ban (v.))。法語詞可能經由中世紀拉丁語bannire,也來自日耳曼語(比較bandit)。「驅逐或趕走,驅逐」的普遍意義始於約1400年。相關詞:Banished;banishing。
To banish is, literally, to put out of a community or country by ban or civil interdict, and indicates a complete removal out of sight, perhaps to a distance. To exile is simply to cause to leave one's place or country, and is often used reflexively: it emphasizes the idea of leaving home, while banish emphasizes rather that of being forced by some authority to leave it .... [Century Dictionary]
Banish,字面上是指通過禁令或民事禁令將某人驅逐出社區或國家,並表示完全移除視線,可能是到遠處。Exile僅僅是指使某人離開其所在地或國家,且常用於反身:它強調離開家的概念,而banish則更強調被某種權威強迫離開的概念……[世紀詞典]
banish 的趨勢
根據books.google.com/ngrams/調整。Ngrams可能不可靠。
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