mortgage 的詞源
mortgage(n.)
14世紀晚期, morgage,“以財產作爲貸款或協議的擔保轉讓”,來自古法語 morgage(13世紀), mort gaige,字面意思是“死亡抵押”(在現代法語中被 hypothèque 取代),來自 mort “死亡”(見 mortal(形容詞))+ gage “抵押”(見 wage(名詞))。
因爲交易要麼在債務償還時結束,要麼在償還失敗時結束。古法語 mort 來自於通俗拉丁語 *mortus “死亡”,來自拉丁語 mortuus,過去分詞 mori “死亡”(來自 PIE 詞根 *mer- “磨損,傷害”,也是“死亡”的詞彙,並形成了指死亡和受死亡威脅的生物的詞彙)。基於拉丁語,現代英語中恢復了 -t-。
And it seemeth, that the cause why it is called mortgage is, for that it is doubtful whether the feoffor will pay at the day limited such sum or not: and if he doth not pay, then the land which is put in pledge upon condition for the payment of the money, is taken from him for ever, and so dead to him upon condition, &c. And if he doth pay the money, then the pledge is dead as to the tenant, &c. [Coke upon Littleton, 1664]
看起來,它被稱爲抵押貸款的原因是,不確定出讓人是否會在規定的日期支付這筆錢或不支付這筆錢:如果他不支付,那麼以財產作爲抵押品的土地將永遠從他手中奪走,並因此對他而言是死的,等等。如果他支付了這筆錢,那麼抵押品對於租戶來說就死了,等等。[Coke upon Littleton, 1664]

mortgage(v.)
“將(不動產)作爲借出或合同支付的款項的擔保”,15世紀晚期, morgagen,源自 mortgage(名詞)。相關詞彙: Mortgaged; mortgaging。
mortgage 的趨勢
根據books.google.com/ngrams/調整。Ngrams可能不可靠。
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