"阻止(行動或運動)的行爲; 阻礙、阻礙物,障礙物",早在15世紀, restreinte,源自古法語 restreinte,是 restraindre(見 restrain)的女性過去分詞的名詞用法。
具體指1829年以後對難以控制的囚犯或危險的瘋子的限制。 "保留,抑制在方式或風格上的過度奢華"的意義可追溯到1600年左右。短語 restraint of trade 可追溯到1630年代。
Wherever thought is wholly wanting, or the power to act or forbear according to the direction of thought ; there necessity takes place. This, in an agent capable of volition, when the beginning or continuation of any action is contrary to that preference of his mind, is called compulsion ; when the hindering or stopping any action is contrary to his volition, it is called restraint. [Locke, "Of Human Understanding"]
無論思想完全缺乏,還是根據思想的指導行事或禁止行事的能力缺乏; 必然會發生必要性。對於一個有意志的代理人來說,當任何行動的開始或繼續與他的心理偏好相反時,這被稱爲強制; 當阻止或停止任何行動與他的意志相反時,這被稱爲限制。[洛克,《人類理解論》]